Bits of Learning

Learning sometimes happens in big jumps, but mostly in little tiny steps. I share my baby steps of learning here, mostly on topics around programming, programming languages, software engineering, and computing in general. But occasionally, even on other disciplines of engineering or even science. I mostly learn through examples and doing. And this place is a logbook of my experiences in learning something. You may find several things interesting here: little cute snippets of (hopefully useful) code, a bit of backing theory, and a lot of gyan on how learning can be so much fun.

Monday, June 25, 2018

Taking Interest in FIFA 2018

As a father of a growing pre-teen boy, I am supposed to take at least some interest in sports. Particularly when the whole world is afire about FIFA world cup.

So, yesterday, I sat beside my son watching the match between Japan and Senegal, picking Senegal as the team I supported (as my son supported Japan). Thank God! The match ended in a draw!

It was a nice experience. I did find the match interesting. But, it would have been too much to expect me to concentrate on the game all the while. While the match on, I fiddled with my laptop, and did a little program to calculate the importance of the remaining matches in the opening round.

I have pasted the output (with some edits to include the dates and times) at the end of the source code within comments.

The program has some simple illustration of how the library higher order functions List.map and List.sort can be used. There's also a higher order function rate_match implemented.

Hope you find it helpful in deciding which matches in the opening round you would like to watch, and in the process get a bit familiar with functional programming with OCaml.





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let teams = [
  "Germany";
  "Brazil";
  "Belgium";
  "Portugal";
  "Argentina";
  "Switzerland";
  "France";
  "Poland";
  "Chile";
  "Spain";
  "Peru";
  "Denmark";
  "England";
  "Uruguay";
  "Mexico";
  "Colombia";
  "Netherlands";
  "Wales";
  "Italy";
  "Croatia";
  "Tunisia";
  "Iceland";
  "Costa Rica";
  "Sweden";
  "United States";
  "Austria";
  "Senegal";
  "Slovakia";
  "Northern Ireland";
  "Romania";
  "Republic of Ireland";
  "Paraguay";
  "Venezuela";
  "Serbia";
  "Ukraine";
  "Australia";
  "Iran";
  "Turkey";
  "Congo DR";
  "Bosnia-Herzegovina";
  "Morocco";
  "Scotland";
  "Montenegro";
  "Greece";
  "Egypt";
  "Czech Republic";
  "Ghana";
  "Nigeria";
  "Bulgaria";
  "Cameroon";
  "Hungary";
  "Burkina Faso";
  "Norway";
  "Jamaica";
  "Panama";
  "Slovenia";
  "Korea Republic";
  "Albania";
  "Bolivia";
  "Ecuador";
  "Japan";
  "Honduras";
  "Finland";
  "Mali";
  "Cape Verde Islands";
  "Algeria";
  "Saudi Arabia";
  "Côte d'Ivoire";
  "Guinea";
  "Russia";
  "FYR Macedonia";
  "El Salvador";
  "Syria";
  "South Africa";
  "China PR";
  "Zambia";
  "UAE";
  "Belarus";
  "Lebanon";
  "Canada";
  "Curaçao";
  "Uganda";
  "Congo";
  "Oman";
  "Gabon";
  "Luxembourg";
  "Cyprus";
  "Benin";
  "Iraq";
  "Faroe Islands";
  "Trinidad and Tobago";
  "Kyrgyzstan";
  "Israel";
  "Estonia";
  "Uzbekistan";
  "Georgia";
  "India";
  "Qatar";
  "Palestine";
  "Armenia";
  "Libya";
  "Vietnam";
  "Niger";
  "Haiti";
  "Azerbaijan";
  "Madagascar";
  "Mauritania";
  "Korea DPR";
  "Central African Republic";
  "Jordan";
  "Sierra Leone";
  "Kenya";
  "Bahrain";
  "Mozambique";
  "Philippines";
  "Namibia";
  "Kazakhstan";
  "Zimbabwe";
  "Tajikistan";
  "New Zealand";
  "Guinea-Bissau";
  "Thailand";
  "Malawi";
  "Chinese Taipei";
  "Togo";
  "Lithuania";
  "Antigua and Barbuda";
  "Sudan";
  "Latvia";
  "Turkmenistan";
  "Andorra";
  "Nicaragua";
  "Yemen";
  "Swaziland";
  "St. Kitts and Nevis";
  "Rwanda";
  "Angola";
  "Myanmar";
  "Botswana";
  "Tanzania";
  "Kosovo";
  "Hong Kong";
  "Equatorial Guinea";
  "Solomon Islands";
  "Afghanistan";
  "Guatemala";
  "Lesotho";
  "Burundi";
  "Comoros";
  "Maldives";
  "Ethiopia";
  "Dominican Republic";
  "Suriname";
  "New Caledonia";
  "Mauritius";
  "South Sudan";
  "Tahiti";
  "Liberia";
  "Kuwait";
  "Barbados";
  "Nepal";
  "Vanuatu";
  "Belize";
  "Indonesia";
  "Fiji";
  "Cambodia";
  "Papua New Guinea";
  "Grenada";
  "Singapore";
  "St. Lucia";
  "Malaysia";
  "Gambia";
  "St. Vincent / Grenadines";
  "Puerto Rico";
  "Chad";
  "Moldova";
  "Dominica";
  "Bermuda";
  "Laos";
  "Liechtenstein";
  "Cuba";
  "Guyana";
  "Bhutan";
  "Malta";
  "Macao";
  "Mongolia";
  "São Tomé e Príncipe";
  "Seychelles";
  "Aruba";
  "Guam";
  "Timor-Leste";
  "American Samoa";
  "Cook Islands";
  "Bangladesh";
  "Gibraltar";
  "Brunei";
  "Djibouti";
  "Samoa";
  "US Virgin Islands";
  "Sri Lanka";
  "Pakistan";
  "Cayman Islands";
  "San Marino";
  "British Virgin Islands";
  "Montserrat";
  "Turks and Caicos Islands";
  "Anguilla";
  "Bahamas";
  "Eritrea";
  "Somalia";
  "Tonga";
]


let matches = [
  ("Japan", "Senegal");
  ("Poland", "Colombia");
  ("Uruguay", "Russia");
  ("Saudi Arabia", "Egypt");
  ("Spain", "Morocco");
  ("Iran", "Portugal");
  ("Australia", "Peru");
  ("Denmark", "France");
  ("Nigeria", "Argentina");
  ("Iceland", "Croatia");
  ("Korea Republic", "Germany");
  ("Mexico", "Sweden");
  ("Serbia", "Brazil");
  ("Switzerland", "Costa Rica");
  ("Japan", "Poland");
  ("Senegal", "Colombia");
  ("Panama", "Tunisia");
  ("England", "Belgium");
]

exception My_Not_found of string

let find x l =
  let rec iter i = function
    [] -> raise (My_Not_found x)
  | h :: t -> if h = x then i else iter (i + 1) t
  in
  iter 1 l

let rate_match (t1, t2) imp =
  imp (find t1 teams) (find t2 teams)

let rate_matches ms =
  let rates = List.map (fun m -> (m, rate_match m (fun x y -> x * y))) ms in
  List.sort (fun (_, r1) (_, r2) -> if r1 < r2 then -1 else if r1 = r2 then 0 else 1) rates

(*
By using 'addition' as the joining function
[
  (("England", "Belgium"), 14); June 28 11.30 PM
  (("Denmark", "France"), 17); June 26 7.30 PM
  (("Poland", "Colombia"), 22); June 24 11.30 PM
  (("Switzerland", "Costa Rica"), 27); June 27 11.30 PM
  (("Serbia", "Brazil"), 34); June 27 11.30 PM
  (("Mexico", "Sweden"), 37); June 27 7.30 PM
  (("Iran", "Portugal"), 39); June 25 7.30 PM
  (("Iceland", "Croatia"), 40); June 26 11.30 PM
  (("Senegal", "Colombia"), 41); June 28 7.30 PM
  (("Australia", "Peru"), 45); June 26 7.30 PM
  (("Spain", "Morocco"), 49); June 25 11.30 PM
  (("Nigeria", "Argentina"), 51); June 26 11.30 PM
  (("Korea Republic", "Germany"), 56); June 27 7.30 PM
  (("Japan", "Poland"), 67); June 28 7.30 PM
  (("Panama", "Tunisia"), 74); June 28 11.30 PM
  (("Uruguay", "Russia"), 82); June 25 7.30 PM
  (("Japan", "Senegal"), 86); June 24 8.30 PM
  (("Saudi Arabia", "Egypt"), 110) June 25 7.30 PM
]

By using 'multiplication' as the joining function
[
  (("England", "Belgium"), 39);
  (("Korea Republic", "Germany"), 57);
  (("Serbia", "Brazil"), 68);
  (("Denmark", "France"), 84);
  (("Poland", "Colombia"), 128);
  (("Switzerland", "Costa Rica"), 138);
  (("Iran", "Portugal"), 148);
  (("Nigeria", "Argentina"), 240);
  (("Mexico", "Sweden"), 360);
  (("Australia", "Peru"), 396);
  (("Spain", "Morocco"), 410);
  (("Senegal", "Colombia"), 432);
  (("Iceland", "Croatia"), 440);
  (("Japan", "Poland"), 488);
  (("Uruguay", "Russia"), 980);
  (("Panama", "Tunisia"), 1155);
  (("Japan", "Senegal"), 1647);
  (("Saudi Arabia", "Egypt"), 3015)
]
*)

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